In the first part, we looked at five groups of cleaning and preservatives, which were divided based on their properties.
In this part, the table will provide a more detailed understanding of the components, purposes and functions of certain types of additives and lubricants and preservatives.
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Protective agents for various surfaces |
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| Additive / Additive Type | Purpose |
Typical components |
Features |
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Anti-Wear Agents (AW) |
Reduce friction and wear, as well as prevent scratches and jams | Zinc dithiophosphates, organic phosphates and acid phosphates; organic compounds of sulfur and chlorine; sulfonated fats, sulphides and disulfides |
Chemical reaction with a metal surface to form a film with lower shear strength than metal. Prevent metal-to-metal contact |
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Rust and corrosion inhibitors |
Prevents corrosion and rusting of metal parts in contact with oil. | Zinc dithiophosphates, metal phenolates, basic metal sulfonates, fatty acids and amines |
Preferred adsorption of the polar component on the metal surface to provide a protective film and / or neutralization of aggressive acids |
| Cleaners | Protects surfaces from deposits and neutralizes caustic acids. | Mineral and organometallic compounds of phenolates, phosphates and sulfonates of barium, calcium and magnesium |
Chemical reaction with sludge and varnish precursors to neutralize and preserve solubility |
| Dispersants | Absorbs elements of soot and other contaminants that do not dissolve when using special tools | Polymer alkylthiophosphonates and alkylsuccinimides, organic complexes containing nitrogen compounds |
Contaminants associated with polar gravity with dispersant molecules, prevent their accumulation and are kept in suspension due to the solubility of the dispersant |
| Friction Modifier | Alter friction coefficient |
Organic fatty acids and amines, lard, high molecular weight organic esters of phosphorus and phosphoric acid |
Excellent adsorption of surfactants |
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Hardware and tool enhancements |
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Depressant additive that lowers the pour point |
Allows lubricants to remain in a liquid state and spread on the surface at low temperatures |
Alkylated & nbsp; naphthalene and phenolic polymers, polymethacrylate | Modifies the formation of wax crystals to reduce adhesion |
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Sealing material / sealant |
Swellable elastomeric sealant | Organic phosphates, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons | Chemical reaction with elastomer causing slight swelling |
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Viscosity Index Enhancers |
Decreases the rate of change of viscosity with temperature | Polymers and copolymers of methacrylates, butadiene olefins and alkylated styrenes | Polymers expand with increasing temperature to counteract oil thinning. |
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Lubricating Protective Additives |
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Anti-foaming emulsion |
Prevents the formation of stable foam |
Silicone polymers and organic copolymers |
Reduces surface tension to speed up foam breakage |
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Antioxidants |
Slows oxidative decomposition |
Zinc dithiophosphates, spatially hindered phenols, aromatic amines, sulfonated phenols |
Decompose peroxides and stop free radical reactions |
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Metal Deactivator |
Reduce the catalytic effect of metals on the oxidation rate |
Organic complexes containing nitrogen or sulfur, amines, sulfides and phosphites |
Form an inactive film on metal surfaces, forming complexes with metal ions |
In general, when choosing the appropriate tools, you should focus on the quality and compliance of lubricants with specific industry specifications. This will ensure the maximum effect from the use of lubricants and preservatives, as well as reduce the risks to the health of workers.
The article is prepared on the basis of the following materials:
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